BANKE I DRUŠTVO: KO KOME SLUŽI?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46793/GlasnikDN16.2.029VKljučne reči:
financijalizacija, banke, društvo, doprinos.Apstrakt
Ovaj rad dodaje novu dimenziju istraživanju fenomena finansijalizacije. Glavno istraživačko pitanje je kakav je doprinos banaka nacionalnom ekonomskom učinku u poređenju sa udelom nacionalnog bogatstva koje banke prisvajaju. Da bih kvantifikovao ovo pitanje, izneo sam novi skup metrika. Ove mere obuhvataju aspekte kao što su: sklonost banaka da kreditiraju nefinansijska preduzeća, doprinos bankarskih kredita ulaganjima u osnovna sredstva nefinansijskih kompanija, međusektorsko poređenje profitabilnosti i prosečnih plata, učešće banaka u ukupno plaćenim porezima od strane korporacija širom zemlje, itd. Svaka metrika je sastavljena od jednog ili više indikatora izvedenih iz javno dostupnih statističkih izvora, čime se obezbeđuje transparentnost i ponovljivost istraživanja. Primenjujem odabrane mere na rusku bankarsku industriju u periodu od 1991–2020. godine i dolazim do brojnih kontraintuitivnih nalaza, kao što su sledeći zaključci: neke banke cvetaju i pokazuju rekordnu profitabilnost dok se ostatak privrede topi tokom 1990-ih, ili se trend preokreće zajedno sa puzećom nacionalizacijom banaka nakon 1998. godine. Sve u svemu, moglo bi se reći da su privreda (i društvo) u celini ono što služi bankarskoj industriji, a ne obrnuto kako bi i trebalo da bude.
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