ANALIZA EFEKATA VLADAVINE PRAVA (VP) I BRUTO DOMAĆEG PROIZVODA (BDP) NA DOHODOVNU NEJEDNAKOST U EVROPSKIM ZEMLJAMA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46793/GlasnikDN16.2.107RKljučne reči:
nejednakost prihoda, vladavina prava, politička stabilnost, inflacija, očekivani životni vek.Apstrakt
Dohodovna nejednakost se smatra jednim od pitanja koja izazivaju najveću zabrinutost u svetu, dok regionalni dispariteti, nejednaka raspodela bogatstva i neefikasna ekonomska politika spadaju u faktore koji je povećavaju iz dana u dan. U ovom radu istraživači pokušavaju da otkriju zajednički uticaj vladavine prava (VP) i BDP-a na nivo dohodovne nejednakosti (merene Gini koeficijentom). Autori su prikupili sekundarne podatke iz baze podataka Svetske banke (SB) za period od 1995-2020. Autori koriste model višestruke regresije za merenje uticaja zajedničkog efekta (BDP*RL) na vrednost Gini koeficijenta. U rezultatima ove regresije, očekivani životni vek, BDP, inflacija i VP imaju negativan uticaj na nejednakost dohotka. Nasuprot tome, stanovništvo i politička stabilnost (PS) pokazuju pozitivnu vezu sa dohodovnom nejednakošću. Sa druge strane, u slučaju integrisanog regresionog modela, primećuje se da zajednički efekat (BDP*RL) negativno utiče na smanjenje dohodovne nejednakosti, sa statsitički značajnom vrednošću. Neke se evropske zemlje poput Španije, Grčke, Portugala, Litvanije i Letonije suočavaju sa velikim izazovima u pogledu dohodovne nejednakosti zbog regionalnih dispariteta i krhke ekonomske politike. Neke zemlje pak nemaju odgovarajuće poljoprivredne i industrijske politike za smanjenje regionalne dohodovne nejednakosti. Dakle, kreatori ekonomske politike bi trebalo da pokrenu mogućnost ostvarivanja održivog dohotka, efikasne poljoprivredne i industrijske politike, dok tržište rada može značajno...
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